比利時(shí)前首相伊夫·萊特姆 (Yves Leterme) 日前做客中國(guó)觀(guān)察智庫(kù)與中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)新媒體聯(lián)合推出的訪(fǎng)談節(jié)目《連線(xiàn)·全球政要訪(fǎng)談》，對(duì)近年來(lái)中國(guó)為實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和而進(jìn)行的綠色轉(zhuǎn)型努力表示肯定。他指出，在應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化方面，中國(guó)已承擔(dān)起大國(guó)責(zé)任，成為新能源開(kāi)發(fā)利用領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)軍者。其他國(guó)家也應(yīng)摒棄保護(hù)主義政策，擴(kuò)大開(kāi)放合作，共同應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)。
記者：當(dāng)前，中國(guó)正在走綠色發(fā)展道路，追求高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)已成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。這也需要實(shí)行高水平開(kāi)放，與世界各國(guó)開(kāi)展合作共贏。我們想了解您對(duì)中國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)和國(guó)際交流方面致力于綠色發(fā)展的看法。
伊夫·萊特姆：
我認(rèn)為綠色發(fā)展這一問(wèn)題十分關(guān)鍵。如今，氣候變化、環(huán)境問(wèn)題，核不擴(kuò)散等等全球挑戰(zhàn)都不會(huì)限于一國(guó)邊界之內(nèi)。因此，要應(yīng)對(duì)全球問(wèn)題，各國(guó)除了合作別無(wú)選擇。這是關(guān)乎全人類(lèi)生死存亡的大事。
I think it's a key question you raise, of course, climate change, environmental issues, or proliferation, global challenges. These challenges don't take into account borders, so there is no alternative than to cooperate. It's about survival of mankind.
就中國(guó)而言，我認(rèn)為你們已經(jīng)制定了正確的路線(xiàn)圖——《新時(shí)代的中國(guó)綠色發(fā)展》白皮書(shū)。
In terms of China, I think that the communication by the State Council in January put forward the right agenda — China's Green Development in the New Era with different chapters. I think that's the right roadmap.
我想作為一個(gè)外界人士談?wù)剬?duì)白皮書(shū)的看法。我認(rèn)為白皮書(shū)的發(fā)布正當(dāng)其時(shí)，為重工業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型指出了方向。中國(guó)目前是世界第二工業(yè)強(qiáng)國(guó)，正在朝著第一邁進(jìn)，終有一天將取得領(lǐng)先地位。因此，中國(guó)作為一個(gè)領(lǐng)先經(jīng)濟(jì)體，關(guān)鍵在于要給予生產(chǎn)模式轉(zhuǎn)型充分的重視——中國(guó)有這個(gè)能力。
And I would like to underline a couple of features of that roadmap that I think we perceive from the outside. That’s quite essential. It's about transforming the heavy industry. China is to become the biggest industrial power in the world. It is now the second one, but will be leading. And so to have sufficient focus on transforming production processes is really key. You have the capacities. That's quite essential as a leading economy.
從國(guó)內(nèi)來(lái)看，中國(guó)正依據(jù)“十四五”規(guī)劃實(shí)施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略，推動(dòng)城鄉(xiāng)和地區(qū)之間實(shí)現(xiàn)均衡發(fā)展，這也有助于推動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)綠色發(fā)展目標(biāo)?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)，我認(rèn)為中國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在工業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型問(wèn)題上放眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，大膽開(kāi)拓。并且，中國(guó)在轉(zhuǎn)型過(guò)程中積極采用高新技術(shù)，不斷降低工業(yè)能耗，使得綠色發(fā)展更具可持續(xù)性。
I think, internally, within the framework of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the idea of rural revitalization, deconcentration of growth could also help. So, to sum up,the Chinese leadership has a bold vision on transforming the industry and render it more sustainable by using top-quality technologies, less use of energy supply for instance.
此外，同樣重要的是，中國(guó)必須在全球舞臺(tái)上承擔(dān)起大國(guó)責(zé)任，而中國(guó)也確實(shí)在這樣做。
Last but no least, China also has to take its responsibility on the global stage, and it does.
因此，無(wú)論是在國(guó)內(nèi)還是在國(guó)際舞臺(tái)上，中國(guó)都已擔(dān)起職責(zé)，幫助世界應(yīng)對(duì)全球挑戰(zhàn)。全人類(lèi)是一個(gè)共同體，命運(yùn)相通，未來(lái)與共。我們?cè)趹?yīng)對(duì)氣候變化時(shí)不必過(guò)多考慮各種人為邊界，而應(yīng)形成一個(gè)覆蓋全世界的命運(yùn)共同體，合作應(yīng)對(duì)共同的挑戰(zhàn)。
So both internally and on the international global scene, it is really a part of the role of China that has reentered the course of history to help the world to address this global challenge. We have a common future. The future of mankind is common. And we should build shared societies throughout the world, not too much taking into account all kinds of artificial borders when it comes to combat climate change.
記者：您對(duì)中國(guó)的“碳中和”承諾怎么看?
伊夫·萊特姆：
從國(guó)內(nèi)來(lái)看，我認(rèn)為中國(guó)有責(zé)任實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和。因?yàn)?，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展和人民消費(fèi)能力的迅速提高，中國(guó)每年所消耗的資源和能源越來(lái)越多。不過(guò)，中國(guó)可以通過(guò)科技創(chuàng)新，通過(guò)加快發(fā)展替代能源來(lái)降低經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的負(fù)面影響。例如：光伏發(fā)電的規(guī)模和技術(shù)水平都領(lǐng)跑世界。在替代能源使用方面，中國(guó)的成就全球矚目。為了不斷減少二化碳排放，中國(guó)應(yīng)繼續(xù)在這一領(lǐng)域全速前進(jìn)。
Well, in terms of achieving carbon neutrality, China has a responsibility on the domestic scene, because, of course, with the growth in purchasing power, and the unprecedented economic development, China consumes more and more rare materials and energy, but can reduce the harmful impact of that growing economic activity by applying scientific research technology, the best possible technology, and by, for instance, developing very rapidly the sourcing of alternative energy. You are world leader, for instance, in the use of solar panels. The whole of your energy production is quite impressive in terms of the use of alternative energy. I think that in reducing the CO2 emissions, you should go really full-speed in that field.
與此同時(shí)，世界上的其他大國(guó)應(yīng)該努力建設(shè)開(kāi)放的投資市場(chǎng)，而不是采取保護(hù)主義政策。各國(guó)應(yīng)致力于加強(qiáng)科研協(xié)作，并在光伏設(shè)備等有助于減少化石燃料使用和二氧化碳排放的設(shè)備生產(chǎn)和貿(mào)易領(lǐng)域展開(kāi)廣泛合作。
And the other powers in the globe should try to invest in open connections, and not turn to protectionism but try to cooperate both in scientific research and also in production and trade of photovoltaic and all the devices that help us to reduce the use of fossil fuels to reduce CO2 emissions.
最后一點(diǎn)，舉個(gè)例子，如果歐盟或者世界其他地區(qū)想要實(shí)現(xiàn)各自宏偉的二氧化碳減排目標(biāo)，那么就必須在交通出行領(lǐng)域做出變革，這一變革的關(guān)鍵在于電動(dòng)汽車(chē)產(chǎn)業(yè)，而中國(guó)正好是這一領(lǐng)域的領(lǐng)軍者。歐盟在傳統(tǒng)能源汽車(chē)領(lǐng)域長(zhǎng)期占據(jù)領(lǐng)先優(yōu)勢(shì)，德國(guó)、法國(guó)的汽車(chē)工業(yè)一向處于行業(yè)前沿。但現(xiàn)在，中國(guó)在新能源汽車(chē)領(lǐng)域取得了優(yōu)勢(shì)。中國(guó)擁有最好的新能源技術(shù)和優(yōu)秀的新能源汽車(chē)產(chǎn)品。因此，我認(rèn)為，重要的是，歐盟需保持開(kāi)放的汽車(chē)進(jìn)口，從而滿(mǎn)足龐大的市場(chǎng)需求，同時(shí)也有助于降低新能源汽車(chē)價(jià)格，讓普通人也有能力消費(fèi)。
One last point, I think, for instance, if, at the level of European Union and also in other parts of the globe, if we want to have any chance to reach our very ambitious goals in terms of CO2 emission reduction, we have to change, for instance, our mobility, and there, the EVs, the electric vehicles are quite key. And China is leading, as leading role. We have been very good at fossil fuel-driven cars. The German industry, for instance, the French industry was pioneering, was cutting-edge. But now we see in terms of electric vehicles, you are leading. You have the best technology. You have excellent products. And so, I think it's important that European Union remains open to import electric vehicles to respond to the very huge demand, and also to lower a little bit of price of these electric vehicles in order to make them accessible for the average citizen.
來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)
記者：沈一鳴 張欣然 栗思月 劉源 夏琳 張釗 欒瑞英 辛欣 劉夏
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